Timber harvest scheduling with price uncertainty using Markowitz portfolio optimization

methods for estimating the means and covariances of stumpage prices and incorporating _._ th m in harvest scheduling models. We approached the esti ation problem by fitting timeseries models to loblolly pine sawtimber and pulpwood stumpage prices in Georgia, USA, _= and deriving formulas for means and covariances of price predictions. Statistical evidence _ supported integrated autoregressive models, which caused covariances of price predictions